Traditionally, Buddhist icon paintings and sculptures were created to evoke different states of mind and served as focal points for meditation. However, the philosophical symbolism of iconography transformed in the tantric forms of Tibetan Buddhism practiced in Mongolia, where deities represent powerful gods capable of answering the prayers of the faithful. Icons are displayed prominently in temples and homes, with offerings of incense, sweets, butter, grain, and money placed before them.

Mongolians believe that each deity possesses specific powers, such as the ability to protect from illness or bestow long life. Every individual has a "protective deity" corresponding to their date of birth. Among the most commonly represented divinities in Mongolian sculptures and paintings are the Buddhas of the past, present, and future. Avalokiteshvara (Janraisig) represents compassion, Manjushri represents wisdom, and Tara embodies the feminine aspect of compassion. Janraisig and Manjushri are two bodhisattvas who have attained perfect wisdom and virtue, yet continue to aid others by taking on their suffering before they themselves enter Nirvana.

In Buddhist iconography, each deity is depicted with a characteristic hand gesture, or mudra, symbolizing the activity or spiritual state of that particular divinity.